Energy-Efficient and Reliable Dual Closed-Loop DC Control System for Intelligent Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure

Introduction

The growing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) has prompted the development of efficient and reliable charging systems. Traditional charging methods exhibit low power factors and high harmonic pollution, leading to inefficiencies and potential grid instability. Multilevel rectifiers have improved power conversion efficiency and reduced harmonic content, but their modulation strategies require optimization.

Three-Level PWM Rectifier Topology and Control

A three-level diode-clamped PWM rectifier with Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) achieves a power factor of 0.99, total harmonic distortion (THD) of 1.12%, and efficiency of 95% through simulation.

The dual closed-loop control strategy includes a current inner loop and a voltage outer loop, ensuring rapid response and high steady-state accuracy. The PI regulator effectively manages phase coupling for balanced power flow.

The voltage outer loop's stability is critical for the system's reliable operation.

Challenges and Future Work

The dynamic variation of midpoint source current is identified as a challenge. Future work will focus on:

• Increasing the system's switching frequency
• Improving anti-interference capabilities
• Enhancing the accuracy of the sampling process

Advanced Computational Intelligence and Optimization Techniques

These techniques are essential for addressing the challenges of modern EV charging systems. They enable:

• Optimization of 5G spectrum auctions
• Heuristic optimization in power systems
• Mitigation of electromagnetic interference
• Analysis of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer systems

Related Studies and Contributions

Wireless charging technology and bidirectional DC-DC converters are examined for comparison. The study contributes to:

• Development of efficient, secure technology for the next generation of wireless networks and power systems
• Establishment of a robust empirical basis for the proposed control strategies

Simulation Results and Discussion

Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy:

• DC voltage stabilizes rapidly to 700V
• Grid-side current waveform is sinusoidal with minimal distortions
• Current and voltage waveforms are in-phase, indicating unity power factor
• Harmonic distortion is low (THD of 1.12%)
• Three-level stepped output waveform confirms balanced voltage

Conclusion

The dual closed-loop DC control system is highly efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, offering a solid foundation for the development of next-generation EV charging infrastructure.